Ingabe Amalambu Akho Ahlangana Nama-ANSI/ISEA 107 Amazinga Okubonakala Okuphezulu?

Amalambu okukhanya adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukubonakala lapho usebenza noma uhamba ngaphansi kwezimo zokukhanya okuphansi. Nakuba izinga le-ANSI/ISEA 107 ngokuyinhloko likhuluma ngezingubo ezibonakala kahle, amalambu angakuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwakho ngokuhambisana nezingubo ezithobelayo. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izimoto ezinamalambu akalwe kahle zithola izinga eliphansi ngo-19% lokuphahlazeka kwasebusuku uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ezinezinga eliphansi. Izibani ze-high-beam nazo zithuthukisa ukubonakala, zikusiza ukuthi ubone izingozi ngempumelelo kakhudlwana. Ukukhetha amalambu athobela i-ANSI 107 kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ubonakala futhi uphephile ezindaweni eziyinselele.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• KhethaAmalambu e-ANSI 107ukuhlala uphephile ekukhanyeni okufiphele.
• Thola amalambu anezinto ezicwebezelayo noma ezikhanyayo ukuze ubonakale kangcono.
• Hlola ukuthi amalambu akhanya, aqinile, futhi aqine kangakanani.
• Bheka amalebula ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ahlangabezana nemithetho yezokuphepha.
• Ukusebenzisa amalambu abonakalayo aphezulu kwehlisa amathuba ezingozi futhi kulandele imithetho yokusebenza.

Ukuqonda Amazinga we-ANSI/ISEA 107

Okuhlanganiswe yi-Standard

Izinga le-ANSI/ISEA 107 lichaza izidingo ezithile zempahla yokuphepha ebonakalayo (i-HVSA). Le mihlahlandlela iqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi bahlala bebonakala ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi noma eziyingozi. Izinga licacisa ukubekwa nenani lezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukubonakala okungu-360-degree. Iphinde ichaze ukucushwa nobubanzi bamabhendi akhanyayo, iqinisekise ukuthi ahlangabezana nemibandela yokusebenza encane.

Ukuze uthobele, izingubo kufanele zisebenzise izinto ze-fluorescent ngemibala efana nophuzi-oluhlaza, obomvu-wolintshi, noma obomvu. Itheyiphu ekhanyayo noma imidwe ithuthukisa ukubonakala, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi. Amalabhorethri agunyaziwe ahlola zonke izingubo zokugqoka ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ziyahambisana yini. Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukuqina, ukubonakala, kanye nekhono lokumelana nezinto zemvelo njengemvula noma ukushisa. Ngokuhlangabezana nalezi zindlela zokunquma, i-HVSA iqinisekisa ukuphepha nokwethembeka ezindaweni zokusebenza ezinzima.

Izidingo Ezibonakalayo Eziphezulu Zezinsiza

Izinsiza, nakuba zingagxili kakhulu ku-ANSI/ISEA 107, zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukubonakala. Izinto ezifana namagilavu, izigqoko, namalambu angahambisana nezingubo ezibonakala kakhulu. Ukuze izesekeli zivumelane nezinga, kufanele zifake izinto ezikhanyayo noma ezikhanyayo. Lezi zinto zokusebenza zithuthukisa ukubonakala kusuka kuma-engeli amaningi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziguqukayo.

Amalambu asemakhanda, isibonelo, anganikeza ukukhanya okwengeziwe nokubonakala. Uma zibhangqwe nezingubo ezithobelayo, zakha isisombululo sokuphepha esibanzi. Izesekeli kufanele futhi zibonise ukuqina nokumelana nezinto zemvelo, ziqinisekise ukuthi zisebenza ngokwethembeka ezimeni eziyinselele.

Ukuhambisana kwama-Headlamp athobelayo we-ANSI 107

Nakuba amalambu angamboziwe ngokusobala ngaphansi kwezinga le-ANSI/ISEA 107, angathuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha. Amalambu ahambisana ne-ANSI 107 athuthukisa ukubonakala ngokuhlanganisa ukukhanya nezinto ezikhanyayo noma ezikhanyayo. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele izindawo ezinokukhanya okuphansi noma eziyingozi.

Ezindaweni zokusebenza eduze kwethrafikhi noma imishini emikhulu, la malambu anciphisa ingozi yezingozi. Baqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ubonakala kwabanye, ngisho nalapho ungakhanyi kahle. Ngokukhetha amalambu ahambisana nezimiso ze-ANSI/ISEA 107, uthuthukisa ukuphepha kwakho futhi uhlangabezane nezimfuneko zendawo yokusebenza. Lokhu kubenza babe isengezo esibalulekile egiyeni lakho elibonakala phezulu.

Imibandela Ebalulekile Ye-ANSI 107 Yamalambu Athobelayo

Ukukhanya nokuqina kweBeam

Lapho kuhlolwa amalambu, ukukhanya nokuqina kwemishayo yizici ezibalulekile. Ukukhanya kukalwa nge-lux, elinganisa inani lokukhanya elibonakalayo ebangeni elithile. Isibonelo, amamitha okukhanya ezimbonini akala ukukhanya okukhulu ngamamitha amane. Ubukhulu be-beam, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bunquma ukuthi ukukhanya kuhamba kude kangakanani. Ifomula yokubala ukukhanya (E) ku-lux ithi E = i / (D²), lapho u-“i” umele ukushuba okukhanyayo ku-candela, futhi “D” ibanga ngamamitha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukuhlola ukuthi isibani sekhanda siyakunikeza yini ukukhanya okwanele kwezidingo zakho.

Amazinga afana ne-ANSI FL-1 aphinde ahlole ibanga le-beam nesikhathi sokusebenza kwebhethri. Lawa mamethrikhi akusiza ukuthi ukhethe amalambu agcina ukukhanya okuhambisana nesikhathi eside. Ilambu elinezilinganiso eziphakeme kanye nebanga le-beam elilungiselelwe liqinisekisa ukubonakala okungcono, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi. Amalambu ahambisana ne-ANSI 107 avame ukuhamba phambili kulezi zindawo, okuwenza abe ukukhetha okuthembekile kwezokuphepha.

I-Reflective kanye ne-Fluorescent Properties

Izinto ezikhanyayo nezikhanyayo zithuthukisa ukubonakala ngokukwenza ubonakale kakhulu ezimeni ezimnyama. Imibala ekhanyayo efana nophuzi-oluhlaza noma owolintshi-bomvu igqama emini, kuyilapho izici ezikhanyayo zithuthukisa ukubonakala ebusuku. Amalambu anamabhendi akhanyayo noma ama-accents e-fluorescent ahambisana nezingubo ezibonakala kakhulu, eziqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ubonakala kuma-engeli amaningi.

Lezi zakhiwo zibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni eziguqukayo, njengeziza zokwakha noma imigwaqo. Ngokukhetha amalambu anezici ezikhanyayo noma ze-fluorescent, udala isisombululo sokuphepha esibanzi. Lokhu kuhambisana nemigomo yamalambu athobela i-ANSI 107, abeka phambili ukubonakala nokuphepha.

Ukuqina Nokumelana Nemvelo

Ukuqina kuqinisekisa ukuthi ilambu lakho langaphambili lisebenza ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo eziyinselele. Ukuhlola okujwayelekile, okufana ne-photometric kanye nokuhlolwa kwemvelo, kuhlola ikhono lelambu lokubhekana nengcindezi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Photometric kukala amandla okukhanya nokusabalalisa, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kwemvelo kuhlola ukusebenza ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphakeme, umswakama, nokudlidliza.

Isibonelo, i-FMVSS 108 iveza izidingo zezinhlelo zokukhanyisa izimoto, okuhlanganisa namalambu angaphambili. Ukuhlola ukuqina kubheka amalambu ekucindezelekeni kwemishini nemvelo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi angakwazi ukubhekana nezimo zomhlaba wangempela. Amalambu athobela i-ANSI 107 avame ukuhlangabezana nalawa mazinga aqinile, anikeza ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside nokuphepha.

Kungani Kubalulekile Ukuthobela Ukubonakala Okuphezulu

Ukuphepha Ezimeni Zokukhanya Okuphansi

Ukuthobela ukubonakala okuphezulu kudlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni uphephile ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi. Ukukhanyisa okufanele nokubonakala kunciphisa amathuba ezingozi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingakhanyi kahle. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi ukukhanya komgwaqo okuklanywe kahle kungehlisa izingozi zasebusuku ngo-30%. Imigwaqo enamazinga okukhanya aphakathi kuka-1.2–2 cd/m² ithola izingozi ezimbalwa ngo-20–30% uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ezinamazinga aphansi okukhanya. Lokhu kugqamisa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa amathuluzi afana namalambu athobela i-ANSI 107 ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubonakala nokuphepha.

Amalambu anokukhanya okuphezulu nezinto ezikhanyayo aqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ubonakala kwabanye, ngisho nasezimeni ezimnyama. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenza endaweni yokwakha noma uhamba ngomgwaqo ongakhanyi kahle, lezi zibani zinikeza ukukhanya okudingekayo ukuze ugweme izingozi. Ngokubeka phambili ukubonakala, unciphisa kakhulu ubungozi obuhlobene nezindawo ezinokukhanya okuphansi.

Indawo Yokusebenzela Nezimfuneko Zezomthetho

Izindawo eziningi zokusebenza zidinga ukuthi uhlangabezane nezindinganiso ezithile zokuphepha, okuhlanganisa ukuhambisana nokubonakala okuphezulu. Izimboni ezifana nezokwakha, ezokuthutha, nokulungiswa komgwaqo ngokuvamile zisebenza ezimeni eziyingozi lapho ukubonakala kubalulekile. Abaqashi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi abasebenzi basebenzisa izinto zokusebenza ezihambisana nemithetho yezokuphepha ukuze banciphise ubungozi futhi bahambisane nezidingo zomthetho.

Ukusebenzisa amalambu athobela i-ANSI 107 kubonisa ukuzibophezela kwakho ekuphepheni emsebenzini. Lezi zibani azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwakho kodwa futhi zisiza izinhlangano ukuthi zihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuthobelana. Lokhu kunciphisa isikweletu futhi kuqinisekisa indawo yokusebenza ephephile yawo wonke umuntu ohilelekile.

Ukunciphisa Izingozi Ezindaweni Eziyingozi

Izindawo eziyingozi zidinga izinyathelo zokuphepha ezinokwethenjelwa ukuze zikuvikele ezingozini ezingaba khona. Amalambu akhanya kakhulu adlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni ubungozi bokusebenza. Ucwaningo oluhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kokubonakala kwelambu lekhanda namazinga okuphahlazeka lithole ukuthi amadizayini amalambu angcono angehlisa izinga lokuphahlazeka ebusuku ngo-12% ukuya ku-29%. Ukubonakala okuthuthukisiwe kunciphisa amathuba ezingozi, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile ezimeni eziyinselele.

Ngokukhetha amalambu adizayinelwe ukuthobelana nokubonakala okuphezulu, uzivikela wena nabanye ezindaweni eziyingozi. Lezi zibani ziqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ubonakala, ngisho nasezimweni eziyinselele kakhulu, unciphisa ingozi yezingozi nokulimala.

Ungawahlola Kanjani Amalambu Okuhambisana Nalokhu

Ihlola Amalebula Okuqinisekisa

Lapho uhlola amalambu okuthobela umthetho, amalebula ezitifiketi ahlinzeka ngendlela esheshayo yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yawo nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha. Bheka amalebula anjengokuthiI-FMVSS 108, okuqinisekisa ukuthi isilambu sihlangabezana namazinga okuphepha e-Federal Motor Vehicle okukhanyisa nezibonisi. Lezi zitifiketi ziqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlolwe kanzima ukuze ubonakale nokuphepha.

Izindikimba zokugunyazwa njenge-Intertek, i-VCA, i-A2LA, ne-AMECA ihlola imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa izimoto ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi iyahlangabezana namazinga embonini. Ngokuhlola lawa malebula, ungakhetha ngokuzethemba amalambu ahambisana nezidingo ezibonakala kakhulu. Lesi sinyathelo asiqinisekisi ukuphepha kuphela kodwa futhi sikusiza ukuthi ugweme imikhiqizo ehluleka ukuhlangabezana nemibandela yokusebenza ebalulekile.

Ukwenza Ukuhlolwa Kokubonakala Nokubonakala

Ukuhlola ukubonakala nokubukeka kahle kwamalambu kuqinisekisa ukuthi asebenza ngempumelelo ezimeni zomhlaba wangempela. Qala ngokukhweza isibani endaweni yokuhlola ukuze uphindaphinde ukufakwa kwaso kwangempela. Bese, yenza izilinganiso ze-photometric ukuze uhlole ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya namandla. Hlaziya amaphethini e-beam kukho kokubili imisebenzi ephansi nephezulu yokukhanya ukuze uqinisekise ukukhanya okufanele nokulawula ukuxhopha.

Kufanele futhi uqinisekise ukuvumelana kombala kanye namazinga okukhanya okukhipha ukukhanya. Ukuhlola indawo ezungezile, njengokuhlola ukusebenza ngaphansi kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama, kuqinisekisa ukuqina. Ithebula elingezansi lichaza umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo nesinyathelo sokuhlola ukuthobela amalambu aphambili:

Lezi zivivinyo ziqinisekisa ukuthi ilambu lihlangabezana namazinga okubonakala nokuphepha, linikeza ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuphansi.

Ithuthukela kuAmalambu Ahambisanayo ne-ANSI 107

Ukuthuthukela kumalambu abonakalayo aphezulu kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuphepha nezindleko. Ama-halogen bulb, isibonelo, abiza u-$15 kuya ku-$30 lilinye futhi ungafakwa ngokwakho, wonga ezindlekweni zomsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ama-HID bulbs, anenani elingu-$100 kuya ku-$150 lilinye, adinga ukufakwa okuchwepheshile, okungeza u-$50 kuya ku-$200. Naphezu kwezindleko zokuqala eziphakeme, ama-HID bulbs awonga kakhulu amandla futhi ahlala isikhathi eside, ehlisa ukushintshwa kwemvamisa. Ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu, ama-halogen bulb angase abize cishe u-$150, kuyilapho ama-HID ehlanganisa cishe u-$300, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa.

Izinzuzo zesikhathi eside zokuthuthukisa zidlula izindleko zokuqala. Ama-HID bulb ahlinzeka ngokukhanya okungcono, athuthukisa ukubonakala futhi anciphise izingozi zezingozi. Ngokutshala amalambu ekhwalithi ephezulu, uqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuhambisana nendawo yokusebenza noma izimfuneko zomthetho.

Amalambu angase angaweli ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwamazinga e-ANSI/ISEA 107, kodwa ahlala ebalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubonakala nokuphepha. Kufanele uhlole amalambu aphambili ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezintathu ezibalulekile: ukukhanya, ukukhanya, nokuqina. Lezi zici ziqinisekisa ukuthi ilambu lakho langaphambili lisebenza ngaphandle komthungo ngezingubo ezibonakala kakhulu, okwenza indawo ephephile ekukhanyeni okuphansi noma ezimeni eziyingozi.