Ukuhlaziywa okufushane komkhakha wezibani ze-photovoltaic zomhlaba wonke kanye nezimboni zezibani zelanga zaseShayina ngo-2023

Ukukhanya kwe-Photovoltaic kunikezwa amandla ngamaseli elanga e-silicon acwebezelayo, ibhethri elivaliwe elilawulwa yi-valve elingenayo i-maintenance (ibhethri le-colloidal) ukugcina amandla kagesi, izibani ze-LED ezikhanya kakhulu njengomthombo wokukhanya, futhi zilawulwa yisilawuli sokushaja nokukhipha esihlakaniphile, esisetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni sezibani zokukhanyisa zikagesi zomphakathi zendabuko. Izibani zelanga nezibani ziwumkhiqizo wokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric, obunezinzuzo zokonga amandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukuphepha, ukungabi nezintambo, ukufakwa okulula, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, kungashintshwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokuya ngezidingo zesikhundla se-plug-in, njll. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko izibani zengadi zelanga, izibani zotshani zelanga, izibani zomgwaqo zelanga, izibani zomhlaba zelanga, njll. Zingasetshenziswa kabanzi emagcekeni, ezindaweni zokuhlala, ezindaweni ezikhangayo, emigwaqweni emikhulu neyasedolobheni nakwezinye izindawo.

Ukubuka konke kwemboni yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic Njengamanje, isisekelo sokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic sigxile kakhulu eShayina. IShayina yakhe uchungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwamaseli elanga kanye nemithombo yokukhanya ye-LED kuya ekusetshenzisweni okuhlanganisiwe kwamaseli elanga kanye nobuchwepheshe be-LED. Amabhizinisi asekhaya athatha ingxenye enkulu yemakethe yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic emhlabeni.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic kugxile kakhulu ePearl River Delta, eYangtze River Delta naseFujian Delta, okwakha izici zentuthuko yesifunda. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izilaleli zabathengi bemikhiqizo yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic zingaphandle kakhulu, zigxile eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nakwamanye amazwe athuthukile kanye nezifunda.

Isibani sotshani selangaukubuka konke kwesigaba

Izibani zotshani zelanga ziyimikhiqizo esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic, ezibiza ngaphezu kwama-50% wamandla emakethe yokukhanyisa nge-photovoltaic. Ngokukhuthazwa kwezindlela zokonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa komoya endaweni enkulu kanye nokujula, ukuqwashisa kwabantu ngokonga amandla kuzoba kujule kakhulu, futhi izibani zendabuko zizothathelwa indawo yizibani zelanga, okuvula imakethe entsha emakethe engenalutho edlule.

A. Imakethe yangaphandle iyona eyinhloko yabathengi: izibani zotshani zelanga zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlobisa nokukhanyisa izingadi notshani, futhi izimakethe zazo eziyinhloko zigxile eYurophu nase-United States nakwezinye izifunda ezithuthukile. Izindlu kulezi zindawo zivame ukuba nezingadi noma utshani oludinga ukuhlotshiswa noma ukukhanyiswa; Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwesiko lamasiko lamazwe aseYurophu naseMelika, izakhamuzi zendawo ngokuvamile azikwazi ukugwema ukwenza imisebenzi engadini yangaphandle ngesikhathi semikhosi emikhulu yamaholide njenge-Thanksgiving, i-Easter ne-Christmas, noma eminye imisebenzi yokuhlangana efana nemishado nemidlalo, okudinga imali eningi ukuthi isetshenziswe ekunakekelweni nasekuhlobiseni utshani.

Indlela yendabuko yokunikeza ugesi yokufaka ikhebula inyusa izindleko zokunakekelwa kotshani. Kunzima ukuhambisa utshani ngemva kokufakwa, futhi kunezingozi ezithile zokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudinga inani elikhulu lamandla kagesi, okungeyona eyongayo futhi engelula. Isibani sotshani selanga siye sathatha indawo yesibani sotshani sendabuko kancane kancane ngenxa yezici zaso ezilula, ezongayo neziphephile, futhi sesibe ukukhetha kokuqala kokukhanyisa egcekeni lasekhaya eYurophu nase-United States.

B. Isidingo semakethe yasekhaya siyavela kancane kancane: Kuyindlela evamile yamandla elanga, njengamandla avuselelekayo angenamkhawulo, ukuthi kancane kancane athathe indawo yamandla avamile okukhiqiza nokuphila emadolobheni. Ukukhanya kwelanga, njengenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokusebenzisa amandla elanga, kuye kwanakwa kakhulu yimboni yamandla kanye nemboni yokukhanyisa. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa amandla elanga sebukhulile, futhi ukuthembekaukukhanyisa amandla elangakungathuthukiswa kakhulu. Endabeni yokwenyuka kwentengo yamandla avamile kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla, izimo zokuthandwa okukhulu kokukhanya kwelanga sezivuthiwe.

Imboni yamandla elanga yaseShayina ithuthuka ngokushesha, futhi isidingo esingaba khona semikhiqizo yamandla elanga emakethe yasekhaya naso sikhulu kakhulu. Inani kanye nobukhulu bamabhizinisi okukhiqiza izibani zotshani zaseShayina buyanda, umkhiqizo ubangele ngaphezu kwama-90% womkhiqizo womhlaba, ukuthengiswa kwaminyaka yonke okungaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-300, isilinganiso sokukhula kwesibani sotshani selanga eminyakeni yamuva singaphezu kwama-20%.

Isibani sotshani selanga sisetshenziswa kabanzi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ngenxa yezici zaso zokonga amandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokufakwa okulula. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yethu kungakathandwa ngokuphelele, amandla ayo okufunwa makhulu kakhulu. Ngokuthuthuka komnotho, ukuthuthukiswa komqondo wokusetshenziswa kwabantu kanye nokwanda kwendawo eluhlaza yasemadolobheni, imakethe yasekhaya izokwandisa kakhulu isidingo sokuhlinzekwa kwempahla.izibani zotshani zelanga, futhi izindawo ezifana nama-B&B, ama-villa namapaki zingase zibe yizona ezifunwa kakhulu.

C. Izici zezimpahla zabathengi ezihamba ngokushesha zisobala: Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokuthuthukiswa, isibani sotshani selanga siyashintsha kancane kancane sisuka ekudingweni okusha siye ekudingweni komphakathi, futhi izici zokusetshenziswa kwezimpahla zabathengi ezihamba ngokushesha ziya ngokuya zigqama, ikakhulukazi eYurophu nase-United States.

Izimpahla zabathengi ezihamba ngokushesha kulula ukwamukelwa ngabathengi futhi zingadliwa ngesikhathi esifushane ngemva kokuthenga futhi zingaphindwa. Ngokuhambisana noshintsho lomkhiqizo oluvamile, izibani eziningi ezincane zelanga okwamanje zihlala cishe unyaka, kodwa ziza ngezitayela ezahlukene ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zabathengi ezishintshayo. Izici zezibani zelanga zelanga zivelele kakhulu emikhiqizweni ye-FMCG yesizini yasentshonalanga. Abantu bazokhetha ngokuzenzakalelayo izibani zelanga ezahlukene kanye nezibani zengadi ngokwemikhosi ehlukene, engahlangabezani nje kuphela nezidingo zokukhanyisa, kodwa futhi ehlobisa kakhulu, ebonisa umqondo wemfashini wasemadolobheni wesimanje wokuhlanganisa indawo yabantu kanye nesigqi sokukhanya.

D. Izinga lobuhle liya ngokuya lithola ukunakwa okwengeziwe: izibani ze-photovoltaic zinikeza abantu izimo zokubona ezikhululekile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokukhanya nombala kuyindlela yokubonakalisa isitayela sokukhanyisa indawo, esingaphinda indawo yesikhala esidalwe ukuze sibonise ubuhle bobuciko futhi sihlangabezane nezidingo zabantu ezibonakalayo, izidingo zobuhle kanye nezidingo zengqondo. Abantu banaka kakhulu ubuhle bokukhanya kwe-photovoltaic, ngezinzuzo zokuklama nokukhiqiza, bangabona ukuthi izinguquko zobuhle bebhizinisi zizoba nesikhundla esihle ekuthuthukisweni kwemakethe.