Ukwakheka kohlelo lwezibani zotshani zelanga

Isibani sotshani selanga luhlobo lwesibani samandla aluhlaza, esinezici zokuphepha, ukonga amandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokufakwa okulula.Isibani sotshani selanga esingangeni manziYakhiwe kakhulu umthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli, ibhethri, imodyuli yeseli yelanga kanye nomzimba wesibani nezinye izingxenye. Ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhanyayo, amandla kagesi agcinwa ebhethrini ngeseli yelanga, futhi amandla kagesi ebhethri athunyelwa ku-LED yomthwalo ngesilawuli uma kungekho ukukhanya. Ifanelekela ukuhlobisa ukukhanya okuhlotshiswe ngotshani obuluhlaza emiphakathini yokuhlala kanye nokuhlobisa utshani bamapaki.

Isethi ephelele yeisibani sotshani selangauhlelo luhlanganisa: umthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli, ibhethri, izingxenye zamaseli elanga kanye nomzimba wesibani.
Uma ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanya esitokisini selanga emini, isitokisini selanga siguqula amandla okukhanya abe amandla kagesi futhi sigcine amandla kagesi ebhethri ngesekethe yokulawula. Ngemva kobumnyama, amandla kagesi ebhethri anikeza amandla emthonjeni wokukhanya we-LED wesibani sotshani ngesekethe yokulawula. Lapho kusa ngakusasa ekuseni, ibhethri layeka ukunikeza amandla emthonjeni wokukhanya, i-izibani zotshani zelangakwaphuma, futhi amaseli elanga aqhubeka nokushaja ibhethri. Isilawuli sakhiwe yi-microcomputer ene-chip eyodwa kanye nenzwa, futhi silawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwengxenye yomthombo wokukhanya ngokuqoqwa nokwahlulelwa kwesignali yokukhanya. Umzimba wesibani udlala indima yokuvikela uhlelo kanye nokuhlobisa emini ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kohlelo. Phakathi kwazo, umthombo wokukhanya, isilawuli kanye nebhethri kuyisihluthulelo sokunquma ukusebenza kohlelo lwesibani sotshani. Umdwebo we-pivot wohlelo uboniswe ngakwesokudla.
Ibhethri lelanga
1. Uhlobo
Amaseli elanga aguqula amandla elanga abe amandla kagesi. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli elanga ezisebenziseka kakhulu: i-monocrystalline silicon, i-polycrystalline silicon, kanye ne-amorphous silicon.
(1) Amapharamitha okusebenza kwamaseli elanga e-silicon e-monocrystalline azinzile, futhi afanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziseningizimu lapho kunezimvula eziningi khona futhi ukukhanya kwelanga kunganele.
(2) Inqubo yokukhiqiza amaseli elanga e-polycrystalline silicon ilula kakhulu, futhi intengo iphansi kuneye-monocrystalline silicon. Ifanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezisempumalanga nasentshonalanga lapho kunelanga elanele kanye nelanga elihle.
(3) Amaseli elanga e-silicon angenawo ukwakheka anezidingo eziphansi kakhulu ezimweni zokukhanya kwelanga, futhi afanele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kwangaphandle kunganele khona.
2. I-voltage yokusebenza
I-voltage yokusebenza yeseli yelanga iphindwe ka-1.5 kune-voltage yebhethri elihambisanayo ukuqinisekisa ukushaja okuvamile kwebhethri. Isibonelo, kudingeka amaseli elanga angu-4.0~5.4V ukushaja amabhethri angu-3.6V; amaseli elanga angu-8~9V ayadingeka ukushaja amabhethri angu-6V; amaseli elanga angu-15~18V ayadingeka ukushaja amabhethri angu-12V.
3. Amandla okukhipha
Amandla okukhipha ngeyunithi ngayinye yeseli yelanga angaba ngu-127 Wp/m2. Iseli yelanga ngokuvamile yakhiwa amaseli amaningi eyunithi yelanga axhunywe ochungechungeni, futhi amandla ayo ancike emandleni aphelele asetshenziswa umthombo wokukhanya, izingxenye zokudlulisa umugqa, kanye namandla emisebe yelanga endawo. Amandla okukhipha ebhethri lelanga kufanele adlule izikhathi ezi-3-5 zamandla omthombo wokukhanya, futhi kufanele abe ngaphezu kwezikhathi (3-4) ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuningi kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokukhanya; ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele abe ngaphezu kwezikhathi (4-5).
ibhethri lesitoreji
Ibhethri ligcina amandla kagesi avela kumaphaneli elanga uma kukhona ukukhanya, futhi liwakhipha uma kudingeka ukukhanya ebusuku.
1. Uhlobo
(1) Ibhethri le-lead-acid (CS): Lisetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwe-lead-acid ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kanye nomthamo ophansi, futhi lisetshenziswa yizibani eziningi zasemgwaqweni zelanga. I-seal ayidingi ukulungiswa futhi intengo iphansi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuvimbela ukungcola kwe-lead-acid futhi kufanele kuqedwe.
(2) Ibhethri lokugcina i-nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd): izinga eliphezulu lokukhipha, ukusebenza kahle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, impilo yomjikelezo omude, ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu okuncane, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuvimbela ukungcola kwe-cadmium.
(3) Ibhethri le-nickel-metal hydride (Ni-H): likhishwa ngesivinini esiphezulu, lisebenza kahle ekushiseni okuphansi, lishibhile, alingcolisi, futhi liyibhethri eliluhlaza. Lingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezincane, lo mkhiqizo kufanele ukhuthazwe kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamabhethri angenalo i-lead-acid, amabhethri ajwayelekile e-lead-acid kanye namabhethri e-alkaline nickel-cadmium asetshenziswa kabanzi.
2. Ukuxhumeka kwebhethri
Uma uxhuma ngokulingana, kubalulekile ukucabangela umphumela ongalingani phakathi kwamabhethri ngamanye, futhi inani lamaqembu afanayo akufanele lidlule amaqembu amane. Naka inkinga yokulwa nokwebiwa kwebhethri ngesikhathi sokufakwa.