Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokukhanyisa kwangaphandle

Mhlawumbe abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi isibani siyinto elula, kubonakala kungafaneleki ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela nokucwaninga, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuklama nokukhiqizwa kwezibani ezifanelekayo nezibani kudinga ulwazi olucebile lwe-electronics, izinto zokwakha, imishini, i-optics. Ukuqonda lezi zisekelo kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlole ikhwalithi yezibani ngendlela efanele.

1. Izibani ze-incandescent

Akunakwenzeka ukubona kancane ebusuku ngaphandle kwezibani ze-incandescent. Akulula ukwenza izibani ze-incandescent zikhanye futhi zonge amandla. Uma i-bulb inamandla athile, ingagcwaliswa ngegesi ye-inert, engathuthukisa ukukhanya futhi yandise impilo ye-bulb. Okukhethekile umhlatshelo wokuphila ngokushintshanisa ukukhanya okuphezulu kwamandla aphezulu ama-halogen bulbs. Ngokombono wokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, uma kucatshangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezici eziningi, ukwethembeka nokusebenza isikhathi eside, ama-gas angenawo avamile afaneleka kakhulu, yiqiniso, ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya okuphezulu kwezibani ze-halogen bulb nakho kunezinzuzo zayo ngokuphelele. I-bayonet ejwayelekile kanye nesokhethi yonyawo noma esinyeni selambu esikhethekile kuvamile ezindaweni zokusebenzelana zamalambu adumile. Ngokombono wendawo yonke kanye nokulula kokuthenga, izibani ezisebenzisa ama-bayonet ama-bayonet zilula ukuhlinzeka, ezinokuthatha indawo eziningi, intengo ephansi nempilo ende. Izibani eziningi eziphezulu futhi zisebenzisa ama-Halogen xenon ama-bayonet, yiqiniso, intengo ye-Halogen iphakeme. Akulula ukuthenga e-China, amalambu okukhanya e-superba ezitolo ezinkulu nawo angathatha indawo yokusebenza kahle. Ukuze wenze isibani sokukhanya silondoloze amandla amaningi, singazama kuphela ukunciphisa amandla, ukukhanya kanye nesikhathi kuhlale kungqubuzana, esimweni se-voltage ethile, ukulinganisa kwamanje kwesibani sokukhanya kude kakhulu, i-PETZL SAXO AQUA isebenzisa i-6V 0.3A krypton bulb, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela we-6V 0.5A evamile ye-bulb. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sethiyori sokusebenzisa amabhethri e-AA amane sifinyelela emahoreni angu-9, okuyisibonelo esiphumelelayo sokukhanya nokulinganisela kwesikhathi. Isibani se-megabor sasekhaya sinesilinganiso esincane samanje, esithatha indawo enhle. Yiqiniso, kungenye indaba uma ufuna ukukhanya okukhanyayo. I-Surefire ijwayelekile, inekepisi engu-65-lumen ehlala cishe ihora kuphela kumabhethri amabili e-lithium. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga izibani, hlola inani lokulinganisa i-bulb yesibani, ubale amandla alo alinganiselwe, ahlanganiswe nobubanzi besitsha sesibani, ungakwazi ukulinganisa ukukhanya okulinganiselwe, ububanzi obukhulu kanye nesikhathi sokusebenzisa, ngeke udideke kalula ngokukhangisa okungenzi lutho.

2. I-LED

Ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kwe-high-light-emitting diode kulethe uguquko embonini yokukhanyisa. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi nokuphila isikhathi eside kuyizinzuzo zayo ezinkulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhethri omile amaningana ajwayelekile kwanele ukugcina ukukhanya okuphezulu kwe-LED kungamashumi noma amakhulu amahora wokukhanyisa. Kodwa-ke, inkinga enkulu ye-LED okwamanje ukuthi kunzima ukuxazulula iqoqo lokukhanya, umthombo wokukhanya ohlukanisiwe uwenza cishe ungakwazi ukukhanyisa umhlabathi ngamamitha angu-10 ebusuku, futhi umbala wokukhanya obandayo wenza nokungena kwayo kwemvula yangaphandle, inkungu neqhwa kwehle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile izibani zixhunywe nezindlela eziningana noma eziningi ze-LED zokuthuthukisa ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa umphumela awubonakali. Nakuba sekuvele kukhona ama-leds agxilisa amandla aphezulu kanye nokukhanya okuphezulu, ukusebenza akukakafiki endaweni yokushintsha ngokuphelele ama-incandescent bulbs, futhi izindleko ziphezulu kakhulu. I-voltage evamile yokushayela ye-LED evamile iphakathi kuka-3-3.7V, futhi izinga lokukhanya kwe-LED livezwa nge-mcd, enamabanga amaningana afana no-5mm no-10mm ububanzi. Uma ubukhulu be-diameter buba bukhulu, inani le-mcd liphezulu, ukukhanya kuphezulu. Ukuze kucatshangelwe umthamo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, izibani ezijwayelekile zikhetha izinga le-5mm, futhi inani le-mcd lingaba ngu-6000-10000. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yenani elikhulu labakhiqizi be-LED, amashubhu amaningi e-LED afuywayo abhalwe ngamanga, futhi inani legama alikholakali. Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza kwe-LED kwezinkampani zaseJapane emikhiqizweni engenisiwe kuyaqashelwa, futhi kuphinde kube yizibani ezidume kakhulu ezikhethiwe. Ngenxa yokuthi i-LED yanele ukukhanyisa kumanje omncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke, amashumi okuzisholo noma amakhulu amahora ezibani ze-LED ezijwayelekile kufanele zincishiswe kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, mhlawumbe amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba ukukhanya kwanele ukukhanyisa ikamu lonke, ngemva kwamahora amaningi nakho ukubona itafula kunzima, ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwe-voltage adjustment circuit optimization configuration yamandla kagesi angaphandle kwe-LED yi-standard-end configuration. Njengamanje, i-LED evamile isafaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa njengekamu noma itende njengomthombo wokukhanya oseduze, okubuye kube yinzuzo yayo.

3. Isitsha sesibani

Isici esibalulekile sokunquma ikhwalithi yokukhanyisa isibonisi somthombo wokukhanya - isitsha sesibani. Isitsha sesibani esijwayelekile sifakwe ngesiliva endishini yepulasitiki noma yensimbi. Ngemithombo yesibani se-incandescent enamandla amakhulu, isitsha sesibani sensimbi sivumela kakhulu ukuchithwa kokushisa, futhi ububanzi besitsha sesibani bunquma ububanzi bethiyori. Ngomqondo othile, isitsha sesibani esikhanyayo asiyona into engcono kakhulu, umphumela omuhle kakhulu wesitsha sesibani yindilinga yemibimbi yesikhumba se-orange, lawula ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlukana kokukhanya okubangelwa amabala amnyama, ukuze indawo yokukhanya endaweni yokukhanyisa igxile kakhulu futhi ifane. Imvamisa, ukuba nesitsha esishwabene kukhombisa ukuqondiswa kochwepheshe ekukhanyeni.

4. Ilensi

Ilensi ivikela isibani noma iguqule ukukhanya. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngengilazi noma nge-resin. Ingilazi inokumelana nokushisa okuhle, akulula ukuyiklwebha, izinzile, kodwa amandla okusetshenziswa kwangaphandle ayakhathaza, futhi izindleko zokucutshungulwa endaweni eyi-convex zikhulu kakhulu, ishidi le-resin lilungele ukucubungula, amandla athembekile, isisindo esilula, kodwa naka ukuvikela ukuvikela ukugaya ngokweqile, ngokujwayelekile, i-flashlight yangaphandle yelensi kufanele icutshungulwe ibe ishidi lokulawula le-convex elisebenza kahle, i-convex shape ingasebenza kahle kakhulu.

5. Amabhethri

Ezimweni eziningi ungase ukhononde ukuthi kungani isibani maduzane akukho ugesi, futhi icala isibani ngokwayo, eqinisweni, ukukhetha ibhethri kubalulekile, ngokuvamile, umthamo kanye khulula yamanje yebhethri evamile alkaline zinhle, intengo ephansi, kulula ukuthenga, ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene eqinile, kodwa omkhulu wamanje khulula umphumela awulungile, nickel metal hydride rechargeable isilinganiso ibhethri self-ukuminyana ibhethri ephakeme, ukuminyana kwezomnotho. izinga liphezulu, ukukhishwa kwamanje kwebhethri ye-lithium ilungile kakhulu, ifaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezibani zamandla aphezulu, kodwa ukusetshenziswa komnotho akukuhle, intengo kagesi we-lithium isabiza kakhulu okwamanje, izibani ezihambisanayo ziyizibani zamandla aphezulu, ngakho-ke, iningi lezibani zemakethe ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri ye-alkaline yegama lomkhiqizo, ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri kuyancishiswa, ukusebenza kahle kwebhethri kuzoncishiswa. ngakho-ke, izibani ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibandayo, indlela ekahle iwukuxhuma ibhokisi lebhethri langaphandle, ngokushisa komzimba ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lebhethri. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwamanye amalambu angenisiwe, njengamanye amamodeli we-PETZL ne-princeton, ngoba i-electrode engalungile yamabhethri omile angaphandle iphakanyiswe kancane, ukuthintana okungalungile kwezibani kuklanyelwe ukuba kube flat. Uma usebenzisa amabhethri athile asekhaya ane-electrode eyi-concave negative, kungenzeka ukuthintana kabi. Isixazululo silula, mane ungeze ucezu oluncane lwe-gasket.

6. Izinto zokwakha

Insimbi, ipulasitiki, izibani eziyisisekelo zakhiwe ngazo, umzimba wesibani sensimbi unamandla futhi uhlala isikhathi eside, ukukhanya okuvamile kanye ne-aluminium alloy eqinile isetshenziswa, uma kunesidingo, i-flashlight yensimbi isetshenziswa kaningi njengethuluzi lokuzivikela, kodwa insimbi evamile ayimelani nokugqwala, inzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke ayifaneleki izibani zokutshuza, ukukhanya okuhle okushisayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-conductivity eshisayo, ukuhoxisa ukushisa okufanayo, ukuhoxisa ukushisa okufanayo, ukuhoxisa ukushisa okufanayo, ukuvimbela ukushisa okufanayo. okunzima ukwenza ukusetshenziswa kwelambu, Izindleko zokucubungula eziphezulu. Kunezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zepulasitiki zobunjiniyela, i-polycarbonate, i-ABS / i-polyester, i-polycarbonate glass fibre eqinisiwe, i-polyimide nokunye, ukusebenza kuhluke kakhulu, thatha i-polycarbonate glass fiber iqiniswe njengesibonelo, amandla ayo anele ukubhekana nemvelo ehlukahlukene yangaphandle enokhahlo, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukufakwa kwensimbi, isisindo esilula, kuyisinqumo esifanelekile selambu kanye nesibani sokutshuza. Kepha ipulasitiki ye-ABS ejwayelekile esetshenziswa ezibanini ezishibhile ingeyesikhashana futhi ayihlali isikhathi eside. Qiniseka ukuthi uyayinaka lapho uthenga. Ngokuvamile, ingahlukaniswa nomuzwa wokucindezela kanzima.

7. Shintsha

Ukulungiselelwa komshini wesibani kunquma ukusebenziseka kwayo. Iswishi yokhiye oshelelayo efana nethoshi ye-iron slot ilula futhi ilula, kepha i-congenital ayikwazi ukuvikela amanzi ngokuphelele, okusobala ukuthi ayifaneleki. Iswishi ye-push-button yerabha kuthoshi ye-magnesium D kulula ukuthi ingangeni manzi futhi ibe lula, kodwa ngokusobala ayizilungele izikhathi ezifana nokutshuza, futhi umfutho wamanzi ophezulu ungabangela ukuvuza kweswishi. Umshini wokucindezela umsila uthandwa ikakhulukazi ezibanini ezincane, ezilula kakhulu ukukhanya nokukhanya okude, kodwa isakhiwo saso esiyinkimbinkimbi sokucabangela ukuqina nokuthembeka kuyinkinga, ukuthintana okungalungile kwezinye izibani zefektri ezidumile nazo zivamile. I-switch yesibani ejikelezayo iyona switch elula kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa, kodwa ingenza kuphela umsebenzi wokushintsha okukodwa, ayikwazi ukuhlukaniswa, kunzima ukuklama umsebenzi wokugxila, ukuvimbela amanzi okuguquguqukayo akukuhle (ukushintshwa kokusebenza kwamanzi kulula ukuvuza). I-Knob switch iwukusebenzisa intandokazi yezibani eziningi zokuntywila, isakhiwo singcono kakhulu esingangenwa amanzi, sisebenza kalula, sigudluka kalula, sithembeke kakhulu, singakhiya, asikwazi ukukhanyiswa.

8. Ingangeni manzi

Kulula kakhulu ukwahlulela ukuthi isibani asinamanzi noma cha. Hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi azikho yini izindandatho zerabha ezithambile nezinwebekayo kuzo zonke izingxenye zesibani (ikepisi lesibani, iswishi, ikhava yebhethri, njll.). Izindandatho zenjoloba ezinhle kakhulu, ezihlanganiswe nedizayini ephusile kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhle kakhulu, zingaqinisekisa ngisho nokushona okungangeni kwamanzi okungaphezu kwamamitha angu-1000. Ngaphansi kwemvula enamandla ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke kube khona ukuvuza, isizathu siwukuthi ukunwebeka kwenjoloba akwanele ukuqinisekisa ukulingana okuphelele kwezindawo ezimbili. Ngokombono wokuklama, ukushintshwa kwesibani esizungezayo kanye nenqumbo yomgqomo kushintshwa ngokwethiyori ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukungenwa amanzi, ukhiye wesilayidi kanye nokushintsha kokucindezela umsila kunzima kakhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lomklamo wokushintsha, kungcono ukuthi ungashintshi njalo uma usetshenziswa ngaphansi kwamanzi, inqubo yokushintsha iyindlela elula kakhulu yokufaka emanzini, ekujuleni, indlela ephephile kakhulu ukubeka amafutha amancane endongeni yenjoloba, ingavalwa ngokuphumelelayo, ngasikhathi sinye, amafutha nawo asiza ukugcinwa kweringi yenjoloba, gwema ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwerabha iminyaka eminingi, irabha. ingxenye yesibani ekugugeni. Kufanele ishintshwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka okuphezulu kokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle.

9. I-Voltage adjustment circuit

Isifunda sokulungiswa kwe-voltage kufanele sibe ukubonakaliswa okungcono kakhulu kwezibani ezithuthukisiwe, ukusetshenziswa komjikelezo wokulungiswa kwamandla kagesi kunemisebenzi emibili: I-voltage yokushayela ye-LED evamile ingu-3-3.6V, okusho ukuthi okungenani amabhethri amathathu ajwayelekile kufanele axhunywe ochungechungeni ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela omuhle. Ngokungangabazeki, ukuguquguquka kokuklama kwesibani kuvinjelwe kakhulu. Lesi sakamuva sibonisa ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kakhulu kwamandla kagesi, ukuze i-voltage inganciphisi ukukhanya ngokuncishiswa kwebhethri. Njalo gcina izinga elizwakalayo lokukhanya, kunjalo, futhi kusiza ukukhanya kokulungiswa koshintsho. Izinzuzo zinezimo ezimbi, umjikelezo wokulungiswa kwe-voltage ngokuvamile uzomosha okungenani u-30% wamandla kagesi, ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphansi kwezibani ze-LED. Umjikelezo wokulungiswa kwamandla kagesi omele usetshenziswa yi-PETZL's MYO 5. Ukukhanya kwe-LED kulungiswa emazingeni amathathu ukuze kugcinwe ukukhanya okubushelelezi kwamaleveli amathathu e-LED amahora angu-10, amahora angu-30 namahora angu-90 ngokulandelana.

10. Ukusebenza

Ukuze wenze izibani azikwazi ukukhanya kuphela, kodwa futhi zibe nemisebenzi eminingi eyengeziwe noma ukusetshenziswa okulula, imiklamo ehlukahlukene yavela.

I-headband enhle kakhulu, ezimweni eziningi ingenza isandla esincane sikagesi sidlale indimai-headlamp elayishiwe kabusha, izibani eziningi zokuntywila zivame ukusetshenziswa ngale ndlela engaguquki.

Isiqeshana esiku-ARC AAA singashutheka ephaketheni lehembe njengepeni, nakuba inketho ewusizo kakhulu ukuyisinamathisela emphethweni wesigqoko sakho njengesibani.

L Umklamo wekwaholela flashlight protablekuhle impela. Izihlungi ezine endaweni yomsila zifaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwesignali ebusuku.

I-PETZL DUO LED ine-bulb eyisipele eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, njengoba kufanele noma yisiphi isibani sangaphandle esifanelekayo.

I-ARC LSHP ingasebenzisa kalula izinhlobo ezahlukene zamandla ngokwezidingo. Isiphetho esingemuva siyi-CR123A eyodwa, i-CR123A ephindwe kabili kanye ne-AA ephindwe kabili

Amandla ekhophi yasenqolobaneni. Uma unokukhanya okuseduze nawe kuphela, ukushintsha ibhethri libe yi-pitch Black ngokuvamile kungabulala. IBlack Diamond Supernova inogesi ongu-6V otholakalayo ukuhlinzeka ngamahora ayi-10ukukhanya kwe-LED kwangaphandlengesikhathi sokushintsha ibhethri noma uma ibhethri liphela.

Nakuba ukuhlolwa kwami ​​​​komuntu siqu kuphansi kakhulu, kodwa i-magnet ingakhangiswa endaweni yensimbi yomsebenzi isaziswa.

I-Gannet's gyro-gun II, kulula ukuyisebenzisa njengethoshi, isibani noma izindawo ezihlukahlukene