1. Kungani Ukwakhiwa Kwebhethri Kubalulekile Ku-Wholesale Importer Inventory

Umthengisi wezimpahla othenga izibani ezinkulu ezishajwayo ezivela efektri yaseShayina ngokuvamile uzogcina impahla esitolo sokugcina izinyanga ezi-3-12 ngaphambi kokuba umjikelezo wokusabalalisa uhambise amayunithi kumakhasimende okugcina. Isikhathi sokugcina isitoreji yisikhathi lapho ibhethri elishajwayo ngaphakathi kwesibani esikhulu lisengozini enkulu yokulahlekelwa amandla — amaseli ahlala esimweni esinqunyiwe sokushaja (i-SOC) izinyanga, evezwe ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile, kanti ama-elekthronikhi esibani esikhulu adonsa ugesi omncane obangelwa yizinambuzane noma axhunywe ngokuphelele kumaseli (kuye ngokuthi umklamo unjani).

Izakhiwo ezimbili zebhethri ezivelele emakethe yezibani zekhanda ezingashajwa kabusha yiseli le-lithium-ion elisuswayo elingu-18650 kanye nephakethe le-lithium-polymer elakhelwe ngaphakathi (elivaliwe) elisetshenziswa embonini ye-elekthronikhi yabathengi, futhi iseli ligcinwe endaweni yebhethri esuswayo umsebenzisi wokugcina angayivula ngohlamvu lwemali noma nge-screwdriver. Iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi liseli le-lithium-polymer elenziwe ngokwezifiso elivalwe ngaphakathi kwegumbi lezibani zekhanda futhi lishajwa kabusha nge-port ye-USB eceleni kwegumbi.

Idatha yesilinganiso sokwehluleka ngobuningi ebalulekile kumngenisi akuyona izinga lokwehluleka phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezingama-30 (okuvame ukubuswa yiziphambeko zasefektri futhi cishe iyafana kuzo zombili izakhiwo), kodwa izinga lokwehluleka phakathi nesikhathi sokugcina izimpahla zokugcina impahla sezinyanga ezi-3-12 (esibuswa ukuguga kwamaseli e-lithium futhi sihluke kakhulu phakathi kwezakhiwo ezimbili). Idatha eqoqwe yi-Ningbo Mengting kusukela ngo-2014 kulo lonke umugqa womkhiqizo wezibani zekhanda zika-18650 kanye nomugqa womkhiqizo wephakethe owakhelwe ngaphakathi ubonisa inzuzo ecacile yokwakheka kuka-18650 kulesi silinganiso.

Kwabangenisi abathengisa ngobuningi abahlola ukuhweba okokuqala, ukuqonda okubalulekile ukuthi isikhathi sokugcina izimpahla esitokweni sihlukile kakhulu esikhathini sokusetshenziswa komsebenzisi wokugcina. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa komsebenzisi wokugcina, isibani sekhanda siyaqhutshwa ngebhayisikili (sishajwa futhi sikhishwe), futhi ibhethri lisebenza esimweni salo sokusetshenziswa esiklanyelwe. Ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwezimpahla esitokweni, isibani sekhanda sihlala singasebenzi ku-SOC ehleliwe, futhi ibhethri liyaguga ngekhalenda elingaxhomekile ekujikelezweni kokusetshenziswa. Ukuguga kwekhalenda kuyindlela yokwehluleka eyinhloko ngesikhathi sokugcina izimpahla esitokweni, futhi ikhono lokwakheka kuka-18650 lokugcinwa ku-SOC efanele liyisihluthulelo esiyinhloko.

2. Ukuqhathaniswa Komthamo Nokulahlekelwa Yinyanga Eziyi-12

Idatha yokulahlekelwa amandla engezansi ivela kumarekhodi ewaranti angemva kokuthengisa e-Ningbo Mengting enkathi yokukhiqiza ka-2014-2025, ehlukaniswe ngokwakhiwa kwebhethri. Isethi yedatha ihlanganisa cishe izibani zekhanda eziyizigidi ezingu-1.8 ezithunyelwe kuzo zombili imigqa yomkhiqizo, kanye nezimangalo zewaranti ezilandelwa ngesiteshi sokusabalalisa sokungenisa kanye nesiteshi sokubuyisela amakhasimende athengisayo.

Ukwakhiwa kweseli okususekayo kuka-18650:Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 zokugcina impahla endaweni yokushisa okumaphakathi okungu-25 degrees C kanye no-50% SOC (okuzenzakalelayo kokuthunyelwa kwe-Mengting), amaseli angu-18650 agcina cishe u-85-90% womthamo wokuqala. Umsebenzisi wokugcina ubhekana nalokhu njengesikhathi sokusebenza esifushane kancane ngokushaja ngakunye, kodwa isibani sekhanda sisasebenza futhi iseli lisangaphakathi komkhawulo womthamo ongu-80% ojwayelekile embonini wamaseli "amahle". Izinga lesicelo sewaranti phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-3-12 zokugcina impahla lisebangeni elingu-1-2%, elibuswa amaseli athunyelwe nge-SOC ephansi kunephuzu elinconyiwe elingu-50%.

Ukwakhiwa kwephakethe le-lithium-polymer elakhelwe ngaphakathi:Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 zokugcina isitoreji ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, amaphakethe akhelwe ngaphakathi agcina cishe u-60-75% womthamo wokuqala. Umsebenzisi wokugcina ubhekana nalokhu njengesikhathi sokusebenza esifushane kakhulu ngokushaja ngakunye, futhi cishe ku-10-15% wamayunithi, isibani sekhanda ngeke sivule nhlobo ngoba i-voltage yephakethe yehle ngaphansi komkhawulo wokusebenza omncane wesibani sekhanda (ngokuvamile u-3.0V wephakethe le-lithium-polymer elilodwa). Izinga lesicelo sewaranti phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-3-12 lisebangeni lika-5-8%, kanti imodi yokuhluleka eyinhloko "i-voltage yephakethe iphansi kakhulu ukuba ingasebenza esibani sekhanda."

Izinga lesimangalo sewaranti eliphakeme ka-3-5 lamaphakethe akhelwe ngaphakathi linomthelela oqondile wezindleko kumngenisi. Izinga lesimangalo sewaranti engu-5% esitsheni samayunithi ayi-10,000 ngentengo yamayunithi athengiswa ngobuningi engu-$15 yizindleko zewaranti engu-$7,500 kanye nezindleko zokuthumela ukubuyisela amayunithi anephutha efektri. Ngaphezu kwama-oda amaningi esitsheni, lokhu kwenezela emtheleleni omkhulu wesilinganiso okumele umngenisi awumunce noma awudlulisele entengo yokuthengisa (okunciphisa ukuncintisana ngokumelene nabangenisi abathola izibani zekhanda ezisekelwe ku-18650).

3. Kungani Ukwakhiwa Kwezakhiwo Kwango-18650 Kunqoba: I-Physics Yokuguga Kwekhalenda

Isizathu sokuthi ukwakheka kuka-18650 kudlule ukwakheka kwephakethe okwakhelwe ngaphakathi endaweni yokugcina impahla sisekelwe ku-physics yokuguga kwekhalenda le-lithium-ion, ikakhulukazi i-SOC kanye nokuxhomekeka kokushisa okunquma ukuthi amaseli alahlekelwa amandla ngokushesha kangakanani uma engaqhutshwa ngebhayisikili.

Ukuthembela ku-SOC:Amaseli e-lithium-ion alahlekelwa umthamo ngokushesha uma egcinwe ku-SOC ephezulu (ngaphezu kuka-80%) futhi ahamba kancane uma egcinwe ku-40-60% SOC. Izinga lokuguga kwekhalenda licishe liphindwe kabili kukho konke ukwanda okungu-10% kwe-SOC yokugcina okungaphezu kuka-50%. Iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi elithunyelwa lisuka efektri ku-80-100% SOC (okuyinto evamile kumaphakethe akhelwe ngaphakathi ngoba ifektri iwafaka ku-SOC ephezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhasimende lingasebenzisa isibani sekhanda ngaphandle kokushaja kuqala) lizoguga ngokushesha kakhulu kuneseli lika-18650 elithunyelwa ku-50% SOC.

Ukuncika ekushiseni:Amaseli e-lithium-ion alahlekelwa amandla cishe ngokuphindwe kabili ngokushesha uma amazinga okushisa okugcina angu-10 degrees C ekhuphuka. Indawo yokugcina impahla esesimweni sezulu esishisayo (isilinganiso sama-degrees C angu-30) izobona ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okukhulu kakhulu kunendawo yokugcina impahla esesimweni sezulu esifudumele (isilinganiso sama-degrees C angu-20). Ukwakheka kuka-18650 kuvumela umngenisi ukuthi asuse amaseli futhi awagcine endaweni elawulwa yisimo sezulu (okungenzeka ukuthi umngenisi atshale kuyo imali yamaseli akhululekile kunezibani zekhanda ezihlanganisiwe), okunciphisa ukuguga kwezinga lokushisa.

Ukuxhomekeka emiseleni yamanzi abangela amagciwane:Imiklamo eminingi yezibani zekhanda ifaka phakathi ipayipi elincane le-parasitic ephaketheni lebhethri ngisho nalapho isibani sekhanda sivaliwe - ngokuvamile ukugcina isibonakaliso se-LED senkinobho yamandla noma isibonakaliso sezinga lebhethri. Ipayipi le-parasitic ephaketheni elakhelwe ngaphakathi lizokhipha kancane kancane iphakethe ngesikhathi sokugcina impahla, lithathe iphakethe lisuke ku-80% SOC ekuthunyelweni liye ku-40-50% SOC ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kanye ne-0-20% SOC ezinyangeni eziyi-12. Uma iphakethe lehla ngaphansi kwe-20% SOC, amaseli angena esimweni sokukhipha ngokweqile esibhubhisayo esilimaza amaseli unomphela. Ukwakheka kuka-18650 kuqeda le modi yokwehluleka ngoba amaseli angasuswa ngokomzimba esibani sekhanda lapho ehlolwa. Izidingo zokuthunyelwa nokugcinwa kwamaseli e-lithium-ion ezisebenza kubangenisi abaphatha amaseli angu-18650 ngobuningi bezentengiselwano zilotshwe ku-Imithethonqubo Yezimpahla Eziyingozi ze-IATAkanyeIzincomo ze-UN mayelana nokuThuthwa Kwezimpahla Eziyingozi, zombili ezihlukanisa amaseli e-lithium-ion njengezimpahla eziyingozi ze-Class 9 zokuthuthwa emoyeni futhi zidinga ukupakishwa nokulebula okuthile.

Iphrothokholi yokulinganisa:Ilebhu yekhwalithi yeMengting ilinganisa ukugcinwa komthamo wezinyanga eziyi-12 ngokugcina isampula yezibani zekhanda ezingama-50 ezivela ebhetshini ngalinye lokukhiqiza egumbini lesimo sezulu elingama-degrees Celsius angama-25 e-SOC yokuthumela efektri, bese ilinganisa umthamo wokukhishwa endaweni yezinyanga eziyi-12 isebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokukhishwa komthamo oqhubekayo ngesilinganiso sokukhishwa kwesibani sekhanda. Iphesenti lokugcina umthamo libalwa njengo (umthamo wokukhishwa ezinyangeni eziyi-12) / (umthamo wokuqala olinganiselwe) x 100. Idatha ebikwe lapha iyisilinganiso kumasampula angama-50 avela kumabhetshi okukhiqiza angama-36 phakathi kuka-2014 no-2025.

Umongo wokuqhathanisa:Izibalo zokugcina umthamo ezingenhla zezezibani zekhanda ezigcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo zelebhu ezilawulwayo (25 degrees C, 50% SOC, akukho manzi angcolile ngaphandle kokukhipha amanzi ngokwemvelo kwamaseli). Izimo zendawo yokugcina impahla zangempela ngokuvamile zimbi kakhulu kunezimo zelebhu — izindawo zokugcina impahla zishisa ngaphezu kwama-degree C angu-25 ezinyangeni zasehlobo, futhi i-SOC ingakhukhuleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokungcola kwamagciwane ku-elekthronikhi yezibani zekhanda. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabangenisi kukhombisa ukuthi ukugcinwa kwamandla ezwe langempela kwezinyanga ezingu-12 cishe kungaphansi ngamaphesenti ayi-10-15 kunesibalo esilinganiswe elebhu kuzo zombili izakhiwo.

4. I-Matrix Yesinqumo Sokuthola Izinto Ezivela Kumthumeli

I-matrix yezinqumo engezansi ifingqa ukuhwebelana phakathi kwezakhiwo ezimbili zomthengisi othengisa ngobuningi. Umugqa ngamunye uyindinganiso yesinqumo; ikholomu yesakhiwo ngasinye ikhombisa isilinganiso esihlobene.

Ukulahlekelwa umthamo wesitoreji sendawo yokugcina impahla:U-18650 uwina kakhulu (ukulahlekelwa okungu-5-10% uma kuqhathaniswa nokulahlekelwa okungu-25-40% kwe-eyakhelwe ngaphakathi).

Izinga lesimangalo sewaranti:U-18650 uwina kakhulu (1-2% vs 5-8% yakhelwe ngaphakathi).

Izindleko zeyunithi yesango lasefektri:Ukwakhiwa ngaphakathi kuphumelela kancane (kushibhile ngo-5-10% ngenxa yokwakheka kwezindlu okulula).

Ukusebenziseka kalula komsebenzisi wokugcina:Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuphumelela kancane (asikho isidingo sokususa nokufaka amaseli esikhundleni sawo; vele uxhume ikhebula le-USB ukuze ushaje).

Ukusebenziseka komsebenzisi wokugcina:U-18650 uwina kakhulu (umsebenzisi wokugcina angashintsha iseli eligugile ngaphandle kokuthenga isibani sekhanda esisha; iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi alikwazi ukushintshwa ngumsebenzisi wokugcina futhi lidinga isevisi yasefektri).

Ukuphinda kusetshenziswe:U-18650 uwina kakhulu (iseli lingasuswa futhi liphinde lisetshenziswe ngeziteshi ezijwayelekile zokuvuselela izinto zikagesi zabathengi; iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi lidinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile).

I-matrix yezinqumo ithanda ukwakheka kuka-18650 kwabangenisi abagcina impahla yokugcina impahla izinyanga ezi-3+ futhi abazwela izindleko zesimangalo sewaranti. Ukwakheka okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kuyamukeleka kubangenisi abathutha impahla esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-90 futhi ababeka phambili ukulula kokushaja komsebenzisi wokugcina.

Icebiso eliwusizo lokuthola ulwazi kubathumeli abashintsha kusuka ku-18650 eyakhelwe ngaphakathi:Uma ushintsha umkhiqizo we-headlamp owakhelwe ngaphakathi okhona uye ku-architecture ka-18650, umngenisi kufanele ahlele isikhathi sokushintsha sezinyanga eziyi-6 lapho zombili izakhiwo zitholakala khona ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umkhiqizo ka-18650 uzodinga imfundo yomsebenzisi wokugcina (umsebenzisi wokugcina udinga ukwazi ukuthi angasusa futhi ashintshe iseli), futhi umngenisi kufanele anikeze ishidi lemiyalelo ephaketheni lokuthengisa elichaza inqubo yokushintsha iseli.Isevisi ye-ODM/OEMingenza ngokwezifiso ishidi lemiyalelo kanye nesithasiselo sokupakisha ukuze kuhambelane nezidingo zemakethe yokuthengisa zomthumeli, okuhlanganisa nokuhunyushelwa olimini lwendawo.

5. Indlela Yokuphatha Impahla Ye-18650 Ukuze Unciphise Izimangalo Zewaranti

Kwabangenisi abakhetha ukwakheka kwe-18650, imikhuba emine elandelayo yokuphatha isitokwe inciphisa izinga lesicelo sewaranti libe cishe yi-zero phakathi nesikhathi sokugcina impahla yezinyanga eziyi-12.

Ukuzijwayeza 1 — Thola amaseli ku-50% SOC.Ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-Mengting kungu-50% SOC, okuyindawo yokugcina enconywe embonini. Umngenisi kufanele aqinisekise i-SOC lapho ethola ukuhlolwa ngokuhlola okulula kwe-voltage (iseli elingu-50% SOC 18650 lifunda cishe i-3.7V open-circuit). Amaseli afika ku-SOC ephezulu kufanele akhishwe kancane ngaphambi kokugcinwa; amaseli afika ku-SOC ephansi kufanele ashajwe kabusha ngaphambi kokugcinwa.

Umkhuba 2 — Gcina amaseli ekushiseni okujwayelekile okungu-15-25 degrees C.Indawo yokugcina izinto elawulwa yisimo sezulu enobubanzi obungu-15-25 degrees C ilungele indawo yokugcina izinto engu-18650. Izindawo zokugcina izinto ezishisayo kufanele zicabangele indawo yokugcina izinto; izindleko zokupholisa umoya ngokuvamile ziphansi kakhulu kunokonga izindleko zewaranti ngenxa yokulahlekelwa amandla ancishisiwe.

Prakthiza 3 — Faka amaseli njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha uma indawo yokugcina idlula izinyanga eziyisithupha.Iseli lika-18650 eligcinwe ku-50% SOC kanye nama-degrees Celsius angu-25 lizolahlekelwa cishe amandla angu-3-5% ngenyanga ngenxa yokuzikhipha ngokwalo. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-6, iseli lingase libe ku-30-35% SOC, okusondela emkhawulweni wokukhipha ngokweqile. Ishaja yokwengeza ku-50% SOC njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6 igcina amaseli ebangeni lokugcina eliphephile.

Umkhuba 4 — Sebenzisa iseli elivikelwe uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri (i-BMS).Isibani sekhanda seMengting 18650 sisebenzisa amaseli omkhiqizo we-Samsung, LG, noma i-Panasonic anokuvikelwa kwe-BMS okwakhelwe ngaphakathi. I-BMS ivimbela ukukhishwa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokugcina, okuyinetha yokuphepha eyisipele uma imikhuba yokuphatha isitokwe engenhla ingalandelwanga kahle. Izindinganiso zokuphepha ezisebenza ku-BMS kanye neseli yilezi:I-IEC 62133-2 (amaseli e-lithium yesibili ezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphathwayo)futhiI-UL 1642 (izinga lokuphepha kweseli le-lithium), zombili okubhekiselwe kuzo ezitifiketi ze-CE kanye ne-ROHS ezisebenza emgqeni womkhiqizo wezibani zekhanda ze-Mengting.

6. Ukwehluleka Kwensimu Yangempela: Kwenzekani Uma Imikhuba Yokugcina Izinto Ezingeniswayo Yeqiwa

Amacala amathathu okwehluleka kwensimu avela kumarekhodi okusekela amakhasimende e-Ningbo Mengting abonisa izindleko zokweqa imikhuba emine yokuphathwa kwempahla ehlanganiswe eSigabeni 5. Esimweni ngasinye, ukwehluleka kwalandelwa emuva esikhaleni esithile sokuphathwa kwempahla esasingagwenywa ngomkhuba onconywayo.

Icala 1 — Umsabalalisi wezitolo zangaphandle, eSpain (2022 Q4):Umsabalalisi wezitolo zangaphandle waseSpain wa-oda amayunithi angu-5,000 esibani sekhanda seMengting 18650 ukuze asatshalaliswe kubathengisi basekamu nabasezindaweni zokuhamba izintaba kulo lonke elaseSpain. Umsabalalisi wagcina amayunithi endaweni yokugcina impahla engalawulwa yisimo sezulu eningizimu yeSpain (izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lingu-30-38 degrees C phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo). Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-8, umsabalalisi wathola izimangalo zewaranti ezivela kubathengisi ezibonisa ukuthi cishe u-12% wamayunithi awazange avuleke. Uphenyo lukhombisile ukuthi amaseli ayegcinwe endaweni yokushisa yendawo yokugcina impahla (eyadlula uphahla lwama-degrees C angu-25 olunconyiwe) kanye nase-SOC yokuthumela efektri engu-50%, kodwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lasheshisa ukuguga kwekhalenda kwaze kwaba yilapho amaseli ehla ngaphansi kwe-voltage yokusebenza encane yesibani sekhanda. Izindleko zewaranti yomsabalalisi zazicishe zibe ngu-$9,000 USD, okwadlula ukonga kwezindleko zokusebenzisa indawo yokugcina impahla engalawulwa yisimo sezulu. Kusukela lapho umsabalalisi usetshale imali ekupholiseni umoya endaweni yokugcina izibani zekhanda.

Icala 2 — Umhlinzeki wemishini yokuphepha yezimboni, eBrazil (2023 Q2):Umhlinzeki wemishini yokuphepha yezimboni waseBrazil wa-oda amayunithi angu-8,000 esibani sekhanda esakhelwe ngaphakathi (hhayi umugqa womkhiqizo we-Mengting 18650) ukuze asatshalaliswe ezinkampanini zezimayini kanye ne-oyili negesi. Umhlinzeki wagcina amayunithi esitolo sokugcina impahla eSão Paulo izinyanga ezingu-6. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amaphakethe akhelwe ngaphakathi axhunywe ku-electronics yesibani sekhanda, okwadonsa ugesi omncane we-parasitic ukuze kugcinwe isibonakaliso se-LED senkinobho yamandla. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-6, i-drain ye-parasitic yayisithathe amaphakethe avela ku-SOC yokuthumela efektri ngo-80% afinyelela cishe ku-30%, kanti amayunithi angu-9% awazange avuleke. Izindleko zewaranti yomhlinzeki zazicishe zibe ngu-$10,800 USD (9% yentengo yokuthengiswa ngobuningi engu-$15 ngeyunithi ngayinye). Kusukela lapho, umhlinzeki useshintshele kusakhiwo sango-18650 ukuze aqede inkinga ye-drain ye-parasitic.

Icala 3 — Inkontileka kahulumeni yokuthenga, e-Indonesia (2024 Q1):Inkontileka yokuthenga kahulumeni wase-Indonesia yezibani zekhanda zokulungiselela izimo eziphuthumayo (amayunithi angu-8,000 omklamo wephakethe owakhelwe ngaphakathi) yanikezwa umsabalalisi wendawo owathola la mayunithi efektri yaseShayina. Umsabalalisi wagcina la mayunithi endaweni yokugcina impahla kahulumeni izinyanga ezingu-11 ngenkathi amaphepha okuthenga ecutshungulwa. Lapho ethunyelwa ezinhlanganweni zabasebenzisi bokugcina (ezokuvikela umphakathi, amaqembu okusabela eziphuthumayo endawo), amayunithi angu-14% awazange avule noma anciphise kakhulu isikhathi sokusebenza. Uhulumeni wenqaba ukwamukela amayunithi angasebenzi, futhi umsabalalisi kwadingeka athole amayunithi okufaka esikhundleni ngezindleko ezinkulu. Iwaranti iyonke kanye nezindleko zokufaka esikhundleni kwakungacishe kube ngu-$16,800 USD. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uhulumeni wase-Indonesia ucacise ezinkontilekeni zokuthenga ezilandelayo ukuthi izibani zekhanda kumele zisebenzise amaseli angu-18650 asuswayo anewaranti yokuphila kweshelufu yezinyanga ezingu-24.

Amacala amathathu angenhla abonisa iphethini ehambisanayo: izindleko zokwehluleka ukulandela imikhuba emine yokuphatha impahla ziphindwe kaningana ukonga izindleko ngokunciphisa izindleko zokugcina. Umngenisi ogcina izibani zekhanda ezingu-18650 endaweni yokugcina impahla elawulwa yisimo sezulu ku-50% SOC izinyanga ezingu-12 uzobona izinga lesicelo sewaranti elicishe libe ngu-1-2%. Umngenisi ogcina izibani zekhanda ezifanayo endaweni yokugcina impahla engalawulwa yisimo sezulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu uzobona izinga lesicelo sewaranti elingu-10-15%. Umehluko we-10x wezindleko zewaranti umehluko phakathi komugqa womkhiqizo onenzuzo nongazuzisi. Kwabangenisi abathumela izibani zekhanda ezingu-18650 emakethe ye-EU,Izidingo zokumaka i-EU CE zemikhiqizo enikwe amandla omsakazo (i-CE-RED)kanyeIzinga lokuphepha lokuthuthwa kwamaseli e-lithium le-UN 38.3kusebenza ngaphezu kwemikhuba yokugcina engenhla — i-UN 38.3 idinga ukuthi amaseli adlule ekulingiseni ukuphakama, ukujikeleza kokushisa, ukudlidliza, ukushaqeka, i-external short circuit, ukushaya, ukushaja ngokweqile, kanye nokuhlolwa kokukhishwa okuphoqelelwe ngaphambi kokuba athunyelwe ngomoya.

7. Ukushintshana Kobunjiniyela: Uma Ukwakheka Kwangaphakathi Kuyisinqumo Esifanele

Ukwakheka kwephakethe okwakhelwe ngaphakathi akukubi kakhulu kunokwakhiwa kwango-18650. Ezimweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi empeleni liyisinqumo esingcono. I-matrix yokuhweba engezansi ifingqa ukuthi ukwakheka okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kunqoba nini.

Isimo 1 — Umjikelezo omfushane wempahla (ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-90):Uma umngenisi ehambisa impahla enqolobaneni yokugcina impahla esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-90, isici sokuguga kwekhalenda sincane kuzo zombili izakhiwo, futhi inzuzo yokulula komsebenzisi wokugcina wephakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi iba yisici esinqumayo.

Isimo 2 — Izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu (ngaphansi kwezinga-zero noma ngaphezu kwama-degrees Celsius angu-40):Iseli lika-18650 linobubanzi bokushisa obusebenzayo obuncane kunephakethe le-lithium-polymer elisezingeni eliphezulu. Kwabangenisi abasabalalisa kubasebenzisi bokugcina ezimweni zokushisa ezingaphansi kwezinga-zero noma ezimweni zokushisa okukhulu (isb., uhambo lwase-Arctic, izindawo zokusebenza zasehlane), iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi elinobubanzi balo bokushisa obubanzi lingase libe namandla kakhulu.

Isimo 3 — Izidingo ze-compact form factor:Iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi livumela ikamelo lezibani zekhanda ukuthi libe lincane kancane kunegumbi lika-18650, ngoba iphakethe lingakhiwa ukuze lilingane nendawo etholakalayo kunokuba livinjelwe yi-cylindrical 18650 cell form factor. Ezinhlelweni lapho igremu ngayinye yesisindo ibalulekile (isb., izibani zekhanda ze-backpacking ezilula kakhulu ezingaphansi kwamagremu angu-50 isisindo sonke), iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi lingaba yilona kuphela inketho.

Isinqumo esiphakathi kuka-18650 nokwakhelwe ngaphakathi siqondene nohlelo lokusebenza. Kumthengisi ojwayelekile othengisa ngobuningi ogcina impahla izinyanga ezi-3-12 futhi ayisabalalise kubantu abathanda izinto zangaphandle, osonkontileka, kanye nezimakethe zokulungiselela izimo eziphuthumayo, ukwakheka kuka-18650 kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile ezinemijikelezo emifushane yempahla noma izidingo zemvelo ezibucayi, iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi lingaba yindlela engcono kakhulu.

8. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Q: Yiluphi uhlobo lwebhethri oluhluleka kakhulu endaweni yokugcina impahla — 18650 noma amaphakethe e-lithium akhelwe ngaphakathi?

A: Amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium akhelwe ngaphakathi ahluleka kakhulu kunamaphakethe asuswayo angu-18650 ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12 zokugcina impahla. Imodi yokuhluleka eyinhloko ukulahlekelwa amandla avela kumaseli agcinwe esimweni sokushaja okuyingxenye (ngokuvamile ama-30-60% e-SOC njengoba ethunyelwa evela efektri). Amaphakethe asuswayo angu-18650 avumela umngenisi ukuthi asuse amaseli esibanini sekhanda lapho ethola ukuhlolwa futhi awagcine ku-50% e-SOC endaweni elawulwa yisimo sezulu, okunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokuhluleka.

Q: Yisiphi isimo esihle kakhulu sokushaja sokugcina amaseli angu-18650 endaweni yokugcina impahla?

A: I-SOC yokugcina engcono kakhulu yamaseli e-lithium-ion angu-18650 ingu-40-60%. Ukugcina amaseli ku-100% SOC kusheshisa ukuguga kwekhalenda; ukugcina amaseli angaphansi kuka-20% SOC kuyingozi yokukhipha ngokweqile kanye nokuncibilika kwethusi. Ukucushwa kokuthunyelwa kwe-Mengting kubeka kusengaphambili amaseli angu-18650 ku-50% SOC ngaphambi kokupakisha, okuyindawo yokugcina enconyelwa embonini.

Q: Isibani sekhanda esingashajwa kabusha singagcinwa isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuba ibhethri lidinge ukushajwa okwengeziwe?

A: Isibani sekhanda sika-18650 esigcinwe ku-50% SOC kanye nama-degrees C angu-25 ngokuvamile sigcina umthamo ongu-80% ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12. Isibani sekhanda se-lithium pack esakhelwe ngaphakathi esigcinwe ezimweni ezifanayo ngokuvamile sigcina umthamo ongu-60-70% ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-12. Inzuzo ka-18650 yiseli elisuswayo — umngenisi angagcwalisa amaseli ngamanye ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-electronics yesibani sekhanda, okwengeza amanzi angcolile alimaza kakhulu iphakethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Q: Ingabe isibani sekhanda esinebhethri elikhishwayo le-18650 sibiza kakhulu kunelebhethri elakhelwe ngaphakathi?

A: Isibani sekhanda esinebhethri elikhishwayo le-18650 ngokuvamile sibiza ngaphezulu ngo-5-10% ngentengo yesango lasefektri kunesibani sekhanda esilinganayo esinebhethri elakhelwe ngaphakathi, ngenxa yesikhala segumbi lebhethri esengeziwe, isivalo sokugcina esikhishwayo, kanye nokuxhumana kweseli. Izindleko zibuyiswa ngezimangalo zewaranti eziphansi ngemuva kokuthengisa kanye namanani aphansi okugcina impahla ifile uma ifika kumngenisi.

9. Izinkomba Zangaphakathi: Indlela Yokuthola Isibani Sekhanda Se-Mengting 18650

Izixhumanisi zangaphakathi:Isibani sekhanda se-LED esingu-1200mAh esingu-18650 esiphinde sishajwe kabusha esinozibuthe · Mayelana ne-Ningbo Mengting Outdoor Implement Co., Ltd. · Ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo wezibani zekhanda · Indlela yokukhetha isibani sekhanda sangaphandle esifanele · Isevisi yesibani sekhanda esenziwe ngokwezifiso se-ODM/OEM · Ibhulogi yokukhanyisa yangaphandle yeMengting · Izindaba zemboni ye-Mengting