Ilanga likhanya ekuhlanganeni kwe-semiconductor PN, lakha ipheya entsha ye-hole-electron.Ngaphansi kwesenzo senkambu kagesi ye-PN junction, imbobo igeleza isuka endaweni ye-P iye endaweni ye-N, futhi i-electron igeleza isuka esifundeni se-N iye esifundeni se-P.Lapho isifunda sixhunyiwe, i-current yakha.Yileyo ndlela amaseli elanga asebenza ngayo ama-photoelectric effect.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuphehla amandla elanga, enye imodi yokuguqula ugesi wokushisa okhanyayo, enye imodi yokuguqula ukukhanya nogesi oqondile.
(1) Indlela yokuguqula ugesi wokushisa okhanyayo isebenzisa amandla ashisayo akhiqizwa imisebe yelanga ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi.Ngokuvamile, amandla ashisayo amunca aguqulwa abe isitimu sendawo yokusebenza ngumqoqi welanga, bese i-turbine yesitimu iqhutshwa ukukhiqiza ugesi.Inqubo yangaphambili inqubo yokuguqula ukushisa kokukhanya;Inqubo yokugcina ukushisa - inqubo yokuguqula ugesi.
(2) Umphumela we-photoelectric usetshenziselwa ukuguqula amandla emisebe yelanga ngokuqondile abe amandla kagesi.Idivayisi eyisisekelo yokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric yiseli yelanga.I-solar cell iyithuluzi eliguqula ngokuqondile amandla okukhanya kwelanga libe amandla kagesi ngenxa yomphumela we-photogeneration volt.Kuyinto photodiode semiconductor.Lapho ilanga likhanya ku-photodiode, i-photodiode izoguqula amandla okukhanya kwelanga abe amandla kagesi futhi ikhiqize amandla amanje.Uma amaseli amaningi exhunywe ochungechungeni noma ngokuhambisana, ukulingana kwesikwele samaseli elanga anamandla amakhulu okukhiphayo angakhiwa.
Njengamanje, i-crystalline silicon (kuhlanganise ne-polysilicon ne-monocrystalline silicon) iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ye-photovoltaic, isabelo sayo semakethe singaphezu kuka-90%, futhi esikhathini esizayo isikhathi eside sisazoba yizinto ezijwayelekile zamaseli elanga.
Isikhathi eside, Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bezinto ze-polysilicon buye kulawulwa amafekthri angu-10 ezinkampanini ze-7 emazweni angu-3, njenge-United States, Japan kanye neJalimane, okwenza ukuvinjelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthengiswa kwemakethe.
Isidingo se-polysilicon sivela ikakhulukazi kuma-semiconductors namaseli elanga.Ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zokuhlanzeka, ihlukaniswe ngezinga le-elekthronikhi kanye nezinga lelanga.Phakathi kwazo, i-electronic-grade polysilicon akhawunti cishe 55%, solar level polysilicon akhawunti 45%.
NGOKUTHUTHUKISWA okusheshayo kwemboni ye-PHOTOVOLTAIC, isidingo se-polysilicon kumaseli elanga sikhula ngokushesha kunokuthuthukiswa kwe-semiconductor polysilicon, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo se-solar polysilicon sizodlula leso se-polysilicon ye-electronic-grade ngo-2008.
Ngo-1994, inani lokukhiqizwa kwamaseli elanga emhlabeni lalingama-69MW kuphela, kodwa ngo-2004 lalisondele ku-1200MW, okuwukwanda okuphindwe ka-17 eminyakeni eyi-10 nje kuphela.Ochwepheshe babikezela ukuthi imboni ye-solar photovoltaic izodlula amandla enuzi njengenye yemithombo yamandla eyisisekelo ebaluleke kakhulu engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-21.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-15-2022